Chapter 1
Standard form - A way to write a number by using only digits.
Example: 2054
Word form - The form of a number that is written using words.
Example: 2054 = two thousand fifty-four
Expanded form - A way to write a number that shows the value of each digit.
Example: 2054 = 2000 + 50 + 4
Digit - Any of the symbols 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9
Place value - The number assigned to each place in a number written in
standard form. In 2054, the digit 2 is in the thousands place.
Chapter 2
Compare - Examine the value of numbers to find if they are greater than, less
than, or equal to one another.
Greater than (>) - The symbol used to copare two numbers. 5 > 4
Less than (<) - the symbol used to compare two number. 4 < 5
Round - To find about how many or how much by expressing a number to the
nearest then, hundred, thousand, and so on.
Estimate - A number close to an exact amount; to find about how many
Chapter 3
Regroup - To use place value to exchange equal amounts when renaming a number
Addend - A number to be added in an addition expression or number sentence
Sum - The answer to an addition problem
Expression - A number or group of numbers with operation symbols
Example: 6+4; 6-4; 6x4;
Equation/equality - A number sentence with an equal sign that shows that two
expressions have the same value.
Inequality - A sentence that contains > or < Example: 8>2; 5<6
Commutative Property - The property that states that the order of addends does
not change the sum Example: 6+7=7+6
Zero Property - The property that states that the sum of any number and 0 is
that number Example: 4+0=4
Associative Property - The property that states that the way in which addends
are grouped does not change the sum
Example: (4+5)+6=4+(5+6)
Chapter 4
Difference - The result of subtraction Example: 10-7 = 3
Chapter 5
Product - The answer to a multiplication problem Example: 4x5=20
Array - An arrangement of objects or pictures in equal columns and rows
Example: *****
*****
*****
Row - A horizontal group of cells in a table
Column - A vertical group of entries in a table or an array
Chapter 6
Factor - A number that can be multiplied to obtain a given product.
4 X 5 = 20
factor factor product
Identity Property of Multiplication - the property that states that the
product of any number and 1 is that number Example: 6x1=6 or 1x6=6
Zero Property of Multiplication - The property that states that any number
multiplied by zero is equal to zero Example: 5x0=0
Square Number - The product of a whole number multi;lied by itself
Example: 4x4=16 7x7=49
Chapter 7
Multiplication - An operation that finds the total number of items (the
product) in several equal groups.
Associative Property of Multiplication - Changing the grouping of factors does
not change the product.
Chapter 8
Inch (in.)
Foot (ft)
Yard (yd)
Mile (mi)
Standard units used to measure length in the customary
measurement system.
Millimeters (mm)
Centimeters (cm)
Meters (m)
Kilometers (km)
Metric units of length used to measure small objects.
Chapter 9
Parallel Lines - Lines that do not intersect. They are the same distance
apart anywhere on the lines.
parallel Line Segments - Parts of parallel lines.
Right Angle - An angle that measures 90 degrees, or a square corner.
Plane Figure - A geometric figure that lies in one plane.
Polygon - A simple closed plane figure made up of three or more line
segments.
Circle - A two-dimensional figure where each part is the same distance from
the center.
Chapter 10
Perimeter - The distance around a plane figure.
Area - the number of square units needed to cover a figure.
Length - The dimension that tells how long something is.
Width - The measure of how big something is from side to side.
Square Unit - a square with sides 1 unit long.
