Ms. Wiley TeacherWeb Update Introduction to Programming

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Black History Month Project - Assigned February 14, 2008
I.  Select one computer scientist from the following link (preferably African-American): <A href="http://math.buffalo.edu/mad/computer-science/cs-peeps.html">Computer Scientists of the African Diaspora </A>.
Use Microsoft Word to compose a minimum 1 1/2 double-spaced typed biography of the person. Be sure to include the following information:
<UL>
<LI>
<DIV align=left>Birthdate (if given)</DIV></LI>
<LI>
<DIV align=left>Where he/she was born and raised (if given)</DIV></LI>
<LI>
<DIV align=left>Education (schools, degrees attained)</DIV></LI>
<LI>
<DIV align=left>What contributions have he/she made to field of computer science.</DIV></LI>
<LI>
<DIV align=left>What do you most admire or what impresses you the most about this person?</DIV></LI></UL>
Use decorative elements in your report, like page borders, and a cover page consisting of a picture of the person.
II.  Select one person from the following link: <A href="http://www.csmonitor.com/2006/0221/p18s02-hfks.html">African-American Achievers in Modern Science</A>.
Use Microsoft Word to compose a minimum 1 1/2 double-spaced typed biography of the person. Be sure to include the following information:
<UL>
<LI>
<DIV align=left>Birthdate (if given)</DIV></LI>
<LI>
<DIV align=left>Where he/she was born and raised (if given)</DIV></LI>
<LI>
<DIV align=left>Education (schools, degrees attained)</DIV></LI>
<LI>
<DIV align=left>What contributions have he/she made to field of computer science.</DIV></LI>
<LI>
<DIV align=left>What do you most admire or what impresses you the most about this person?</DIV></LI></UL>
III.  Black Inventors: Click on the following link: <A href="http://inventors.about.com/library/blblackinventors.htm">Black Inventors (A to Z)</A>.
Go through the list of inventors from A to Z. Select one person for each letter of the alphabet that invented something that changed or improved technology in some way. You will create a PowerPoint presentation titled: Black or African-American (your choice) Inventors (A to Z). The subtitle should be the proper heading we use in class. Your presentation should include slide designs, backgrounds, slide transitions, animation schemes, sound effects, etc. You should have the following information on each slide:
<UL>
<LI>
<DIV align=left>Name of inventor as the title of the slide.</DIV></LI>
<LI>
<DIV align=left>Birthdate and Death date (if given)</DIV></LI>
<LI>
<DIV align=left>What he/she invented and how it has changed or improved technology.</DIV></LI></UL>
Since there are some letters that do not have a name, you may use the hyperlinks above to see if any names fit the missing letters, since many of these computer scientists were also inventors.

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All About Introduction to Computer Programming - Assigned February 12, 2008
You will select from the following options to create a document that discusses QBasic and or C++ Programming.
<UL>
<LI>
<DIV align=left>Brochure</DIV></LI>
<LI>
<DIV align=left>Flyer</DIV></LI>
<LI>
<DIV align=left>PowerPoint Presentation</DIV></LI>
<LI>
<DIV align=left>Newsletter</DIV></LI></UL>
Your document should discuss what the programming languages are all about, what you can do with them, etc. It should be very in-depth and very decorative. You will receive extra-credit if your document is printed in color.

<HR>

<H5 style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center>INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING<o:p></o:p></H5>
<H5 style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: center 3.0in left 350.25pt" align=center>MID-TERM EXAM (2007/2008) � STUDY GUIDE<o:p></o:p></H5>
<o:p> </o:p>
1.       Software consists of all of the following: -the programs that are executed on computer hardware. -one or more sets of executable instructions that can be performed by microprocessor. -one or more related computer programs.<o:p></o:p>
2.       The three levels of computer languages are machine, assembly, and high-level languages.<o:p></o:p>
3.       Machine language is� - the only language that the computer can execute directly, and is different for each type of computer. - the very first language that was used for programming, but because it was very inefficient and confusing, it has been replaced by better, easier languages, and is rarely used today.<o:p></o:p>
4.       The programming language that is the most English-like is high-level.<o:p></o:p>
5.       Structured programming is� -encouraging the development of easy-to-understand programs. -encouraging the development of more error-free programs. -divided in modules, each performing a specific task.<o:p></o:p>
6.       All but one of the steps below is in the programming process: -Write and document the program. -Debug and test the program. -Define and document the program. -Design and document the solution.<o:p></o:p>
7.       Before a problem can be solved, it must be thoroughly understood.<o:p></o:p>
8.       Flowcharts graphically represent the logic flow of the solution to a programming problem.<o:p></o:p>
9.       Pseudocode is an English-like description of a program�s logic that doesn�t follow strict rules for writing it.<o:p></o:p>
10.   Top down design� -allows programmers to start from the general problem first, divide it into subtasks, and only then worry about details. -can be graphically illustrated by the structure chart.<o:p></o:p>
11.   An algorithm is� -the sequence of steps needed to solve a problem. -a fancy word for a step-by-step procedure. -developed as a solution to a programming problem.<o:p></o:p>
12.               Testing your program means to try a variety of data to determine whether the results are always correct.<o:p></o:p>
13.   Syntax errors occur when the programmer violates the grammatical rules of the language.<o:p></o:p>
14.   The 3 basic logic structures in programming are the sequence, decision, and looping structures.<o:p></o:p>
15.   Doing push-ups at the PE class represents a looping structure.<o:p></o:p>
16.   Opening an umbrella during a Sunday park walk represents a decision structure.<o:p></o:p>
17.   Performing simple arithmetic calculation represents a sequence structure.<o:p></o:p>
18.   Computer program modules are subparts within a program designed to perform a specific task.<o:p></o:p>
19.   A sequence of instructions that tells the computer how to solve a problem is called a program.<o:p></o:p>
20.   Computer instructions must be written in programming language.<o:p></o:p>
21.   Programming commands or reserved words in QBasic are called keywords.<o:p></o:p>
22.   A value that does not change during program execution is called a constant.<o:p></o:p>
23.   Both of these will present a constant:  �25� and 25.<o:p></o:p>
24.   Both of these will present a variable name: V and 6$.<o:p></o:p>
25.   We use variable names to identify storage location.<o:p></o:p>
26.   A variable can contain only one value at a time.<o:p></o:p>
27.   The PRINT statement is used to display the results of computer processing.<o:p></o:p>
28.   The ELSE keyword is added to a single alternative IF to make it into a double alternative IF.<o:p></o:p>
29.   The INPUT statement allows the user to enter data at the keyboard while the program is executing.<o:p></o:p>
30.   Boolean expression always evaluates to true or false.<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p><o:p> </o:p>
Matching: <o:p></o:p>
Match each term on the left with the term from the right based on their relevance.<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>

<TABLE class=MsoNormalTable style="MARGIN: auto auto auto 5.4pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0>
<TBODY>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 1.25in; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 2.5in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; HEIGHT: 1.25in; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" vAlign=top width=240>
__c_ 31. IF<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
__a_ 32. CASE<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
__e_ 33. INPUT<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
_d_ 34. READ<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
__b_ 35. REM<o:p></o:p>
<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 3.5in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; HEIGHT: 1.25in; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" vAlign=top width=336>
a. SELECT <o:p></o:p>
b. �<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
c. ELSE<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
d. PRINT<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
e. DATA<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
<o:p> </o:p></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<H3 style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt">True or False:<o:p></o:p></H3>
<o:p> </o:p>
36.   Control structures allow us to control the order in which statements are executed.(T)<o:p></o:p>
37.   Boolean expressions always evaluate to true, unless it evaluates to false. (T)<o:p></o:p>
38.   String containing 5 characters is always larger than string containing 1 character.(T)<o:p></o:p>
39.   Double alternative decision structure is a decision structure in which one action is taken if the specified condition is false and another action if it is true.(F) <o:p></o:p>
40.    ((5>3) AND (7<9)) OR (4=6) will evaluate to what?(F)<o:p></o:p>
41.   We can�t compare strings and numbers. (T) <o:p></o:p>
42.   Strings can be compared with other strings.(T)<o:p></o:p>
43.   Numeric constant is a number contained in a statement. (T)<o:p></o:p>
44.    (NOT (3=4) ) AND ( (8>=4) OR (8=9) ) evaluates to: (F)<o:p></o:p>
45.    All computer processing requires some data.(T)                       <o:p></o:p>
46.   IF control structure must also include ELSE keyword.(F)<o:p></o:p>
47.   QBasic is one of the sophisticated programming languages of today.(T)       <o:p></o:p>
48.   Infinite loop is a loop that executes thousands of times.(F)<o:p></o:p>
49.   The following is a valid QBasic statement:  name = John (F)<o:p></o:p>
50.   One bit is equal 8 bytes.(T)<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
Determine and indicate the output of the program segment.<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
In question 51, assume variable X can have any numerical value.<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
51.   IF X > 0 AND X < 0 THEN<o:p></o:p>
PRINT �Hi�<o:p></o:p>
ELSE<o:p></o:p>
                        PRINT �Good-bye�<o:p></o:p>
            END IF<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
a.       HI<o:p></o:p>
b.       Good-bye<o:p></o:p>
c.       Error<o:p></o:p>
d.       Blank Screen<o:p></o:p>
e.       Output depends on the value of X<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
52.   x = 55 IF x = 5 THEN<o:p></o:p>
PRINT �555�<o:p></o:p>
              ELSE<o:p></o:p>
                        PRINT �5555�<o:p></o:p>
              END IF<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
a.       5<o:p></o:p>
b.       55<o:p></o:p>
c.       555<o:p></o:p>
d.       5555<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
53.   age = 21 IF age>21 THEN<o:p></o:p>
drink$=�wine�<o:p></o:p>
              ELSE<o:p></o:p>
                        drink$=�sprite�<o:p></o:p>
              END IF<o:p></o:p>
              PRINT �You are going to have �; drink$<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
a.       wine<o:p></o:p>
b.       You are going to have wine<o:p></o:p>
c.       sprite<o:p></o:p>
d.       You are going to have sprite<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
54.   x = 5<o:p></o:p>
y$ = �y�<o:p></o:p>
IF x <> 5 THEN<o:p></o:p>
          PRINT �Nothing�<o:p></o:p>
ELSE<o:p></o:p>
          IF y$ = �y� THEN<o:p></o:p>
                      PRINT �Something�<o:p></o:p>
          ELSE<o:p></o:p>
                      PRINT �Neither�<o:p></o:p>
          END IF<o:p></o:p>
END IF<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
a.       Nothing<o:p></o:p>
b.       Something<o:p></o:p>
c.       Neither<o:p></o:p>
d.       Error<o:p></o:p>
<o:p>  
<HR>
</o:p>

Access the following website <A href="http://www.tedfelix.com/qbasic">http://www.tedfelix.com/qbasic</A> and complete all of the practice program exercises. (Assigned on December 5, 2007)

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Constants and Variables Exercise 
 Determine whether statements below are valid QBasic statements (legal statements, following grammatical rules of the programming language).  Type each statement into QBasic screen and press F5 to run the statement. If statement is correct you will see black screen with the message "press any key to continue". Otherwise, if the statement is not valid, the pop up window will be displayed explaining the error. On a separate sheet of paper, next to the each statement, indicate whether it is correct, and why is it correct, or why it is not correct. Also, maintain the status of main memory at all times. Submit your work once all statements are completed.  
Statements: 
<TABLE style="WIDTH: 915px; HEIGHT: 412px; TEXT-ALIGN: left" cellSpacing=2 cellPadding=2 border=0>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">
<OL>
<LI>x = 1 
<LI>x = x + 1 
<LI>y = x 
<LI>y + y = x 
<LI>y = y + y 
<LI>z = y + x * x 
<LI>z = x 
<LI>x = z / (z - z)                      
<LI>x = z / z - z 
<LI>d$ = "2 + 2" 
<LI>x = "4" 
<LI>x$ = "4" + 3 
<LI>"x" = "HI" 
<LI>"k$" = "x + y" 
<LI>k$ = "x +" </LI></OL></TD>
<TD style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">16.  d = 45 / 5 17.   f = d$ 18.   f = d 19.   x 20.   5 21.   "Hi there!" 22.   d$ = "What"s up"            23.   t = 4 * x / 2 24.   5 = 5 25.   x$ = "" 26.   y$ = "           " 27.   y$ = 34f 28.   4rt = 4 29.   5$ = "Hi again!" 30.   z = z - z </TD>
<TD style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">31.   y = 5 - 0 / 2 32.   x = 100 33.   x = 34,000.50 34.   y = 50 50 50 35.   x = 23.23 36.   x = x / y 37.   x$ = "x / y 38.   y$ = "y / x" 39.   y = x / z 40.   "x"$ = "Yes" 41.   x1234567890 = 1234567890 42.   x1234567890$ = "x1234567890$" 43.   x = x + x 44.   z = z / x 45.   d$ = x$ = k$ </TD>
<TD style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top">46.   y$ = x$ - d$ 47.   y$ = yes 48.   yes = 23 49.   why = because 50.   counter$ = 1 </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><BIG> </BIG>

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