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Professor David D. Campbell



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Lab Test 1

                 A&P II   -    LABORATORY PRACTICAL EXAM 1


ENDOCRINE TISSUE MICROSCOPE SLIDES:

Pituitary gland (hypophysis)
	Anterior lobe (adenohypophysis)
	Posterior lobe (neurohypophysis)

Thyroid gland					Testis
	Follicle					Seminiferous tubule(s)
	Colloid						Interstitial cell(s)
	Parafollicular cell(s)
						Ovary
Parathyroid gland					Follicle
							Antrum
Pancreas						Egg (ovum)
	Acini(us)					Corona radiata
	Islet (of Langerhans)

Adrenal gland
	Capsule
	Adrenal cortex
		Zona glomerulosa
		Zona fasciculata
		Zona reticularis
	Adrenal medulla


BLOOD SLIDES

	Erythrocytes (red blood cells)		Thrombocytes (platelets)

	Leucocytes:	neutrophil		Mast cells (in areolar ct)
			Eosinophil				
			Basophil		Sickled RBC (from sickle- 
			lymphocyte			cell anemia slides)
			monocyte

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

The following observational criteria may assist in identifying specific 
tissues or cells:
Adenohypophysis:	highly cellular mass adjacent to neurohypophysis
			Will not be able to distinguish acidophils,
                        basophils, or chromophobes

Neurohypophysis:	consists of  neuron fibers and relatively few cells 
(pituicytes) 
			Adjacent to highly cellular adenohypophysis

Thyroid:	Lobules consist of many follicles (spherical arrays of cells–
                1 layer thick – in circular x.s. shape.  Cells vary from
                squamous-like to cuboidal, depending on level of activity

                Central portion of follicle contains colloid – a viscous
                thyroglobin-rich fluid.  Between or adjacent to the follicles
                are parafollicular, or C cells

                Also visible may be blood vessels

Parathyroid:	Highly cellular mass of more-or-less homogeneous cells
                adjacent to the thyroid  (probably cannot distinguish between
                oxyphil and chief cells – most are chief)

Pancreas:	Most of slide consists of exocrine acini (us) surrounding
                isolated clusters – islets of Langerhans.  Can not
                distinguish alpha and beta cells.
        	Also visible – blood vessels and exocrine ducts

Adrenal gland:	Cortex – consists of three zones covered by outer capsule of
                         fibrous connective tissue
			 Zona glomerulosa – outermost layer – clusters of
                              cells
			Zona fascilulata  -  middle layer – strings of cells
			Zona reticularis – inner layer – network of cells

			Medulla – center of gland – consists of chromaffin
                                  cells with may spaces or gaps

Ovary:			ovarian follicle – spherical array of cells, similar
                                  in overall appearance to thyroid follicles 
                                  – circular in x.s.
                        houses an immature egg surrounded by a layer of cells
                                  (corona radiata) and attached to follicle
                                  wall.
                        fluid-filled center  (antrum)

Testis:			Slide shows many x.s. views of seminiferous tubules;
				Lumen may contain immature sperms
				Clusters of cells between tubules are
                                   interstitial cells

Erythrocytes (RBCs):	small pink cells with lighter centers – hundreds in
                              view

Thrombocytes: (platelets) – tiny fragments of cells much smaller than RBCs
                              and stained purplish

Neutrophils (WBCs):	multilobed nucleus – granules stail light lilac and
                              may be difficult to see

Eosinophils:		WBCs – bilobed nucleus – reddish granules (may vary
                              from red, red-orange, red-brown, red-purple)

Basophils:		WBCs – bilobed nucleus; cell is characterized by blue
                               or blue-purple granules.  Granules are so
                               numerous they usually obscure the nucleus

Lymphocytes:		agranular – large purple-stained non-lobed nucleus.
				Cytoplasm usually light blue

Monocytes:		agranular – large purple non-lobed nucleus, although 
                                nucleus usually kidney-shaped.  Cytoplasm
                                stained blue-gray

Mast cells:		Connective tissue cell related to basophils
			Seen in areolar ct and characterized by abundance of
                                granules
               

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