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Content Standard 1 --16% 1:1 (4-6 questions) •Nucleus •Plasma membrane (cell membrane) •Cell wall •Cytoplasm •Ribosomes •Mitochondria •Chloroplasts •Osmosis •Diffusion •Ratio of surface area to volume in cells •Eukaryotic •Prokaryotic •Hypotonic •Hypertonic •Isotonic •Classify cells as plant, animal, or bacteria, fungi •Permeable •Transport (active, passive) •Phospholipids 1:2 (4-6 questions) •Levels of organization •Cellular-- tissue-- organ-- organ-system--organism •The cell is the basic unit of life •Multi-cellular •Unicellular •SI units and tools needed to measure at different organizational levels •Cell theory •Cause/ effect relationships Content Standard 2 -- 16% 2:1 (4-6 questions) •DNA •RNA •Base pair matching •Cell cycle G1, S, G2, mitosis, cytokinesis •Replication (DNA to DNA) •Transcription (DNA to RNA) •Recognize how a mutation changes the DNA sequence and identify the resulting change in protein formation. •Proteins are involved in expressing the traits coded in DNA •The basic concepts of the processes and results of mitosis (nucleus divides, two identical daughter cells produced •Compare results of mitosis and meiosis •Nucleotide •Enzyme •Bio-molecules •Calculate cells produced over a period of time •Diploid •Haploid 2:2 (4-6 questions) •Evaluate the significance of meiosis to genetic continuity and genetic diversity. •Interpret, analyze, evaluate data, and make predictions from a Punnett square •The processes and results of meiosis (nucleus divides; four haploid gametes produced) •Pedigrees •Single-trait crosses •Sex-linked traits / alleles •Incomplete dominance •Genotype/ Phenotype •Homozygous/Heterozygous •Dominant trait/ Recessive trait •Genes ( encoding, expression, mutation) •Alleles •Monohybrid crosses •F 1 generation •F 2 generation Content Standard 3 -- 16% 3:1 (4-6 questions) •Evaluate the relatedness of organisms given information regarding internal structures, chemical processes, and/or other evidence of their ancestry •Divisions of a biological classification system •Dichotomous keys •Phylogenetic trees •Cladogams •Homologous structures •Analogous structures •Differentiate between appropriate(fossils, anatomical, embryological development, biochemical, geographical, ecological evidence) and inappropriate information for determining species relatedness •Convergent evolution •Divergent evolution 3:2 (4-6 questions) •Natural selection •Max extinction, mutation, changes in gene frequency, variation within a species •Interpret, analyze, and/or evaluate information to determine how biological adaptations (such as changes in structures, behaviors, physiology) enhance or deter(limit) survival and reproductive success in a particular environment •Short term adjustments of individual organisms during their lifetime are not passed on to offspring. •Evolution •Niche •Biomass •Biological adaptations are determined genetically •Context of biomes that will enhance or limit survival and reproductive success Content Standard 4 -- 22% 4:1 (4-5 questions) •Biogeochemical processes •Decomposers •Cycling of nutrients •Identify and understand processes involved in the movement of matter between the living and nonliving components of the biosphere. •Interrelationships between biotic and abiotic factors •Decomposition •Abiotic •Biotic •Recycling 4:2 (4-5 questions) •Symbiosis * Population •Parasitism * Habitat •Competition * Community •Predator-prey relationships * Ecosystem •Commensalism * Venn diagrams •Mutualism •Niches 4:3 (4-5 questions) •Limiting factors •Carrying capacity •Predation •Food supply •Habitat •Biotic potential •Natality •Mortality •Immigration •Emigration •Colonization •Population density •Biomass •Interpret the population dynamics resulting in J-shaped and S-shaped growth curves. •Ecological succession Content Standard 5 -- 16% 5:1 (4-6 questions) *Photosynthesis •Photosynthesis requires light, carbon dioxide (CO2), chlorophyll, and water (H2O), and produces oxygen (O2) and food. *Cellular respiration- the need to make food and release energy from food and the basic steps in these processes. •Respiration requires food and oxygen (O2) and produces carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), and releases energy. Plants also respire. •ATP •Differentiate between reactants and products of photosynthesis and cellular respiration •All energy available to living things ultimately relies on the sun. *How temperature, wavelength, concentration of gases affect these processes * All organisms use cellular respiration to obtain energy from food. 5:2 (4-6 questions) •Trophic levels •Herbivore •Carnivore •Omnivore •Decomposer •Energy pyramids •10% rule •Biomass •Food webs, food chains •Photosynthesis and respiration in conservation and cycling of matter and energy (conservation of energy) •Carbon cycle •Nitrogen cycle •Water cycle •Trophic levels ( primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary) Content Standard 6 -- 14% 6:1 (4-5 questions) Physiological responses to stimuli Interpret models of: •Homeostasis •Geotropism •Chemotaxis •Phototaxis •Feedback loops •The role of sensory cells •Stimulus and response 6:2 (4-5 questions) Evaluate the types of behavioral adaptations displayed by species to ensure reproductive success. Organisms have behavioral responses to internal changes and to external stimuli. •Migration •Hibernation •Schooling •Flocking •Territoriality •Mating rituals •Feeding behavior •Innate behavior •Learned behavior •Behavioral responses: social behaviors, communication

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