Chemiosmosis and Genetics Quiz Review:
1st period will take their quiz on Thurs. (Jan. 26) and 5th period will take
their quiz on Tues. Jan. 31.
The quiz will contain short-answered questions over the following items:
a) compare and contrast chemiosmosis in photosynthesis and cell respiration
b) be able to write the genotypic and phenotypic ratios for a Mendelian
dihybrid cross (e.g. BbAA x bbAa -- B=tall, b=short, A=yellow, a=green)
c) be able to do a blood type and sex-linked cross
d) be able to analyze a pedigree (e.g. determine if a trait is autosomal or
sex-linked and if the trait is dominant or recessive)
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Mendelian Genetics, Linked Genes, Mitosis, Meiosis, Chi-square test quiz:
1st period quiz will occur on Tues. (Feb. 7) and 5th period quiz will occur on
Wed. (Feb. 8)
The quiz will contain multiple-choice questions and short-answered questions:
1) Be able to perform a Chi-Square test using the Chi-square formula, write
a null hypothesis, use a chi-square distribution table in determining if the
null hypothesis is acceptable or not, and provide the probability value that
the difference is due to chance
2) Be able to examine results of a cross to determine if the genes are linked
or unlinked, if the genes are linked, indicate the map units (or the
distance between two genes)
3) Recognize the phases of mitosis and meiosis (e.g. prophase, metaphase,
anaphase, telophase)
4) mitosis (2n --> 2n)-- produces genetically identical daughter cells
5) meiosis (2n --> n)-- produces genetically non-identical gametes
6) Be able to count how many chromatids are in each phase of mitosis and
meiosis. A chromatid is a chromosome containing one DNA molecule.
Chromatids replicate during S (synthesis) phase of Interphase.
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Test Review for Chaps. 12,13,14,and 15
There will be 25 multiple-choice questions and 1 free-response question. The
test will be graded using the AP format.
Chap. 12 "The Cell Cycle"
-- Review Chap. 12 over the cell cycle and the process of mitosis.
-- Review the descriptions of interphase and the phases of mitosis
(prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase)
-- "Regulation of the Cell Cycle" will not be on the test-- pages 224-229
Chap. 13 "Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles"
-- Review Chap. 13 over meiosis.
-- Study Figure 13.8 "A Comparison of Mitosis and Meiosis" (page 242)
-- You need to know the "The Human Life Cycle" on page 238 (Figure 13.4). The
other sexual life cycles (most fungi, plants, and some algae, Figure 13.5
(b) and (c)
Chap. 14 "Mendel and the Gene Idea"
-- Review all of Chap. 14.
-- Study all of the boldtype terms and all figures in the chapter.
-- Half of the test questions will come from Chap. 14.
Chap. 15 "The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance"
-- Review linked genes concept, map units, recombinant frequency, Barr body,
, be able to determine the locations of genes on a chromosome if given the
recombinant frequencies (or map units), and nondisjunction.
*Also, you need to review the "Chi-Square Lab" including:
-- writing a null hypothesis (e.g. there will be no difference between the
observed data and the expected data for a particular genetic cross)
-- how to calculate the chi-square using the chi-square equation
-- using a probability value of .05, determine if the null hypothesis will be
rejected or supported. The chi-square value will be supported only if it
is lower then the critical value in the Chi-square distribution table
-- determine the probability range that the difference or variation is due to
chance
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Quiz over Chap. 17 "From Gene To Protein)" Tues. (Feb. 28) for 1st period and
Wed. (Feb. 29) for 5th period. The quiz will contain short-answered questions.
You need to review the following items:
1)The structure and function of the following terms in protein synthesis:
a) RNA polymerase
b) Transcription factors
c) promoter region
d) GTP cap
e) poly A tail
f) introns
g) exons
h) spliceosome complex
i) codons
j) tRNA
k) anticodons
l) rRNA
m) small ribosomal subunit
n) large ribosomal subunit
2) Be able to describe what happens during the initiation, elongation, and
termination steps of translation.
3) Be able to write the complementary DNA, mRNA, and tRNA sequences.
4) Be able to write the amino acid sequence if given the codon sequence on
mRNA.
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Gene Expression in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes Quiz Review
1st period will have their quiz on Wed. (March 21) and 5th period will have
their quiz on Thurs. (March 22). The quiz will contain short-answered question
section and a definition/description section.
Be able to define/describe the following terms:
1)histone
2)interspersed repetitive DNA
3)DNA methylation (does methylation activate or inactivate the DNA)?
4)Histone acetylation (does acetylation activate or inactivate the DNA)?
5)proximal control elements
6)distal control elements (or enhancers)
7)activators
8)operator
9)promoter
10)repressor
11)regulatory gene
12)operon
1)Be able to explain how the lac operon is an inducible operon and the
tryptophan operon is a repressible operon. Be sure to include the terms
allolactose (inducer) and tryptophan (corepressor) when you write your
explanations.
2)Be able to explain the interaction of cAMP and cAMP receptor protein (CRP)
in the lactose operon transcription if glucose levels are low.
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Gel Electrophoresis Lab Report:
1st period's lab report is due Wed. April 4 and 5th period's lab report is due
Thurs. April 5.
The following items need to be included in your lab report:
1) Title
2) Copy the data table on page S-5 onto a sheet of notebook paper.
Do not cut out the data table from the lab instruction packet.
3) Attach the graph to your data table.
4) Answer all of the postlab questions (pages S-6 through S-8) in complete
sentences.
*Actual base-pairs for EcoRI
*24,756
*21,226
7,421
*5,804
*5,643
4,878
3,530
*Each pair appears as a single band.
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BRING YOUR TEXTBOOK TO CLASS ON MON. APRIL 2 (1ST PERIOD) AND TUES. APRIL 3
(5TH PERIOD) FOR AN OPEN BOOK QUIZ OVER CHAP. 18 VIRUSES AND BACTERIA.
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Gel Electrophoresis Quiz Review for Wed. April 4 and Thurs. April 5:
The quiz will contain a definition and free-response section:
Review the functions for the following terms in gel electrophoresis:
1) restriction enzymes
2) agarose gel
3) buffer
4) comb
5) power supply
For the free-response section, be able to explain how bacterial plasmids are
used to clone eukaryotic genes (Figure 20.1 in Chapter 20 DNA Technology and
Genomics page 376 in Campbell's 6th edition).
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Protein Synthesis and Gene Regulation Test Review Information
The test will contain 50 multiple-choice questions. 1st period will have their
test on Wed. (April 11) and 5th period will have their test on Thurs. (April
12). The test will cover Chap. 17 ("From Gene to Protein), Chap. 18
("Microbial Models: The Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria"), and Chap. 19 ("The
Organization and Control of Eukaryotic Genomes").
You should review ALL of Chap. 17 key words and study the notes over "Genetics
of Viruses and Bacteria" and "Regulating Gene Expression in Prokaryotes and
Eukaryotes". About 30 of the 50 questions will come from Chap. 17 and the
other 20 will come from regulating gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
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Plant Pigments and Photosynthesis Lab Report Information:
The lab report is due Thurs. April 19 for 1st period and Fri. April 20 for 5th
period. The lab report must be handwritten.
Part A: Leaf Pigment Chromatography
Background Information: Paper chromatography is a technique that is widely
used to separate mixtures of biological compounds. In this activity, you will
use paper chromatography to determine if a green leaf contains only one
pigment or a mixture of pigments. The leaf pigment contains a mixture of
molecules. Some molecules will be more soluble in the acetone and others in
the petroleum ether. Different molecules may attach more-or-less strongly to
the cellulose of the paper through the formation of hydrogen bonds.
WRITE THE FOLLOWING IN YOUR LAB REPORT:
The four pigments commonly found in leaves are carotene, xanthophyll,
chlorophyll a, and chlorophyll b. Carotene is highly soluble in the solvent we
are using. Its molecules do not form hydrogen bonds with cellulose.
Xanthophyll is slightly less soluble than carotene in the solvent. Both
chlorophyll a and b are not soluble in the solvent.
Carotene -- produces a faint yellow to yellow-orange band
Xanthophyll -- produces a yellow band
Chlorophyll a -- produces a bright green to blue-green band
Chlorophyll b -- produces a yellow-green to dark, olive green band
Copy Data Table 1: Chromatography of Plant Pigments (page S-3). Fill out the
data table.You should have four bands representing the four pigments.
Part B:The Light Reactions of Photosynthesis
A spectrophotometer will be used to measure loss of color by DPIP (2,6 -
dichlorophenol-indophenol, a blue dye). The spectrophotometer works by shining
a light of known intensity into one side of a cuvette. On the opposite side of
the test chamber is a photocell (a device in which the photoelectric or
photovoltaic effect or photoconductivity is used to produce a current or
voltage when exposed to light or other electromagnetic radiation). As the
light reactions take place, there will be less DPIP and the photocell will
"see" more light. DPIP absorbs light most strongly at orange-red wavelengths
(605 nm).
WRITE THE FOLLOWING IN YOUR LAB REPORT:
1)Copy Data Table 3: Percent Light Transmittance of Chloroplast Suspensions
2)Construct a graph of your results.
3)WRITE AND ANSWER THE POSTLAB QUESTIONS BELOW:
a) Write a hypothesis that this experiment is designed to test.
b) Which cuvette serves as a control for this experiment? Explain your
answer.
c) What variables are tested in this experiment? Describe how each variable
is tested and then describe the results of your experiment.
d) Why wasn't DPIP added to Cuvette 1?
e) What was the purpose of adding three drops of chloroplast suspension to
Cuvette 1?
f) Why were three drops of water added to Cuvette 5?
g) What effect did boiling have on the chloroplast suspension?
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Chap. 11 Cell Communication Quiz Review
5th period will have their quiz on Friday, April 20th and 1st period will have
their quiz on Monday, April 23.
The quiz will contain short free response questions. Be able to answer the
following questions on the quiz:
1) Describe the effect of epinephrine on blood glucose levels.
2) Identify TWO target cells of epinephrine hormone.
3) Discuss the mechanism by which epinephrine can alter activity in one of
the target cells. Include in your discussion a description of reception,
cellular transduction, and response.
4) Compare the cell-signaling mechanisms of steroid hormones and protein
hormones.
5) Explain the role of cAMP as a second messenger.
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The AP Biology Signal Transduction Pathway Disorder Report is due Mon. May 21,
2012 for 1st period and Tues. May 22, for 5th period.
1st period:
Traian Pop -- Heart disease (Congenital Heart Disease & Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy)
Fatima Frausto -- Cholera
Colin McCune -- Alzheimer's disease
Francisco Berrones -- Neurofibromatosis
Jorge Valdez -- Insulin Resistance and Diabetes
Jamie Nguyen -- Cockayne syndrome
Haley Hutson -- Glaucoma
Grace Yoo -- Werner syndrome
Emmanuel Cortes -- Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR)
Walter Poffenbarger -- Thrombasthenia
Lizzy Hill -- Bipolar Affective Disorder
Karsten Hays -- Osteoporosis
Oscar Hernandez -- Tourette syndrome
Walter Oliver -- Hypertension
5th period:
Katherine Chernova -- Ataxia-telangiectasia (AT)
Braden Fineberg -- Heart Disease (Congenital Heart Disease & Cardiomyocyte
hypertrophy)
Gladys Barbosa -- Chronic myelogenous leukemia or Chronic Myeloid leukemia)
(CML)
Mary Barclay -- Bipolar Affective Disorder
Michelle Tran -- Parkinson's Disease and Calcium channels
Katrina Moore -- Multiple Sclerosis
Laurel Greilich -- Pancreatic cancer
Cecilia Esquivel -- Alzheimer's disease
Jonathan Anguiano - Parkinson's disease
Blake Russell -- Neurofibromatosis
Fio Garcia -- Alopecia
Michelle Lee -- Insulin Resistance and Diabetes
Konrad Witkowski -- Glaucoma
Melanie Pinales -- Hypertension
Ximena Carrera -- Norrie disease
Baily Hale -- Botulism
Dragana Milanko -- Pertussis (Whooping cough)
Linda Buehler -- Osteoporosis
Sarah Dowd -- Thrombasthenia
Rebecca Estrada -- Werner syndrome
Josh Barrera -- ? (tourette syndrome or cholera)
Rachel Tucker -- ? (tourette syndrome or cholera)
Joseph Griffin -- ?
