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Mrs. Crannie's 8th grade Science



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Study Guides

Test # 4 - 11/8/11

Here are the answers to the take home quiz, in addition to this information, also know the following....

A physical change changes the appearance of the substance, but does not change it chemically. examples of physical changes are breaking glass, cutting paper, chopping wood, shredding papers and changing the state of matter such as melting, freezing and evaporating.

A chemical change is a change that results from a chemical reaction and creates a new substance with new propeties. Examples include baking bread, burning wood, exploding dynamite and any reaction that results in a new substance such as a precipitate (a solid that forms from mixing two liquids) or a gas being produced (look for bubbling and fizzing!) Evidence of a chemical reaction includes, making a gas, change in temperature, and a new substance with new properties.

Law of conservation of mass states that the mass of the reactants is equal to the mass of the products.

Protons and Neutrons are in the nucleus and added together give us the mass of an atom

In a neutral atom the protons = electrons

Elements in the same column act the same, so two atoms in the same family/group will react with the same elements.

Coefficient tells us # of Molecules
Subscript tells us # of atoms of each element



Part A

H2 - circle the 2
2HCl - box around the 2
402 - box around the 4, circle the 2
CH4 - circle the 4
3CO3 - box around the first 3, circle the second 3
2NaOH - box around the 2

Part B

C2H6
Molecules =1
Elements = 2
Atoms = 8

2MgO
Molecules = 2
Elements = 2
Atoms = 4

4P4O10
Molecules = 4
Elements = 2
Atoms = 56

NH3
Molecules = 1
Elements = 2
Atoms = 4

3Al(OH)
3
Molecules = 3
Elements = 3
Atoms = 21

2H2O2
Molecules = 2
Elements = 2
Atoms = 8

Part C


4P + 5O2 --> P4O10

P= 4             P= 4
O= 10          O=10

Balanced

_________________________________________________________
HgO --> Hg + O2

Hg= 1       Hg=1
O= 1         O=2

Not Balanced (Balanced would be 2HgO --> 2Hg + O2)
__________________________________________________________
BaCl2 + H2SO4 --> BaSO4 + 2HCl

Ba= 1                       Ba= 1
Cl= 2                        Cl= 2
H= 2                         H=2
S= 1                          S=1
O=4                          O=4

Balanced

________________________________________________________________

Mg + O2 --> MgO

Mg = 1         Mg=1
O=2              O=1

Not Balanced (Balanced would be 2Mg + O2 --> 2MgO)

__________________________________________________________________

2Al2O3 --> 4Al + 3O2

Al = 4         Al=4
O=6            O=6

Balanced







Test #3 - 10/21/11

Page 1
# of protons = 6
Element = carbon

Page 2
group 13A and Period 3 = Aluminum
group 2A and Period 2 = Beryllium
Chlorine = Group 17A, Period 3
Magnesium = Group 2A, Peiod 3

Page 3
Sulfur has 6 valence electrons
Selenium has 6 valence electrons

Valence Electrons
Sodium = 1
Chlorine = 7
Helium = 2
Boron = 3
Aluminum = 3
Carbon = 4
Calcium = 2
Sulfur = 6

Most Reactive = A (Lithium)

Page 4
1. Proton = F
2. Neutron = A and H
3. Electron = G
4. Nucleus = B
5. Atom (has no answer)
6. Atomic Number = D
7. Atomic Mass = C
8. Energy Level = I
9. Valence Electrons = E
10. Element = J

Atom = The smallest part of matter
 

Test 1 -  9/13/11
 Lab Safety, Scientific Method, Experimental Design and Newton's Laws of Motion

Study Guide Answers

1. C
2. D
3. B
4. C
5. D
6. C
7. A
8. C
9. A
10. B
11. C
12. Reaction
13. Inertia
14. Acceleration
15. Force
16. Action
17. Inertia
18. B
19. B
20. A
21. C
22. A
23. A
24. C 
25. C

26. Newton's first law of motion states that an object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion at a constant speed and direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. Examples will include flying forward when you step on the brakes, barbie flying out of her car and the soccer ball sitting on the field will not move until it is kicked. 

27. Newton's second law of motion states that force= mass x acceleration. 2 objects of the same mass are kicked, the one kicked with a greater force will accelerate more. Also, if you have two objects, one with a large mass and one with a small mass, the one with the large mass will need more force to have the same acceleration.

28. Newtons third law of motion states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Examples could include that when you apply a force to an object you feel that force on your hand as a reaction force. Also we saw the newton's cradle and a rocket launch is an example of Newton's third law of motion.

29. Independent variable - amount of water given to bean plants, dependent variable - height of bean plant, constants - pot, amount of sunlight, amount of soil, type of soil, location of plants, amount of time to let grow.

30. Tie back hair, no baggy clothing, no dangling jewelry, No open flames near experiment, know the location of fire equipment, read chemical labels twice to be sure you have the right chemicals, no breathing in fumes, no horseplay, wear goggles. 



                                                                                      Test 2 - 9/27/11
                                                           Newton's Laws of Motion and Forces and Motion

1. F= 6 Newtons
2. m = 125 Kilograms
3. a = 3m/s2
4. v = 29 meters/second (should say North)
5. D = 228 meters
6. p = 23 kgm/s

Which law?
3
1
2
3
1

vocab
1. Inertia = E
2. Mass = C
3. Gravity = B
4. Net Force = D
5. Force = A

Inertia
2, 3, 4, 1, 5

Momentum
5, 1, 4, 3, 2

Understanding Net Force
Left, 5N
Right, 2N
No Motion

30 Newtons               F = 200 Newtons
7 Newtons Right       m = 80kg
4 Newtons Right      a = 6m/s2
 
Test 2 September 27th, 2011
Optional Review Sheet

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